Inventing Australia

1. Any attempts or works to create an integrated view of Australia
as a nation by showing or claiming any special characteristics that
other countris do not have

2. Any attempts or efforts to create a national identity
National Identity :
1. the depiction of a countryas a whole, encompasing its culture, traditions, languagean politics
2. an invention - many complex elements in it

3 factors shaping
A. Modern Western ideas(science, nature,race,society, nationality)
B. Intellegentsia(Writers, artists, journalists, historians, critics)
C. The Economic Powerful

Bohemians [boh-hee-mee-uhn]
. The term "Bohemian" as related to Bohemianism. As the untraditional lifestyles of marginalized and impoverished artists, writers, musicians, and actors in major European cities – emerged in France in the early 19th century.
. A descriptive term for a stereotypical way of life for artists and intellectuals. According to the stereotype, bohemians live in material poverty because they prefer their art or their learning to lesser goods; they are also unconventional in habits and dress, and sometimes in morals.

How Bohemians Lived
1. They rejected private property and materialism by having no permanent residence anywhere and by surviving on little material wealth.
2. They rejected hard moral values by living carefree lives of alcohol and drug use, as well as open sexual freedom.
3. They rejected the pursuit of wealth by living solely for art and literature's sake, pursuing their passions regardless of whether they gained an income, which they usually did not.

Australia's Bohemian Tradition
- Australia has a long bohemian tradition beginning with Marcus Clarke in the 1860s.
- In 1960s the cities have spawned networks of poets, painters, novelists, journalists, actors, film makers, essayists as famous for their controversial, eccentric lifestyles as for the work they produced.
- In Australia bohemians be important because many of the people who lay claim to this label have been in the forefront of aesthetic or intellectual influence.
- In the 1890s, 1940s and the late 1960s' bohemianism was the chosen identity of Australian cultural revolutionaries.

Factors bringing Bohemianism
1. Local manufacturing industry grew very fast in Australia.
2. There were a lot of impact of economy movement on the world of art and literature.

The Bush
# A group of people living outside of the major metropolitan areas, mining agricultural areas & special landscape that is only exist in Australia.
# A wooded area, intermediate between a shrubland and a forest, generally of dry and nitrogen-poor soil, mostly grassless, thin to thick woody shrubs and bushes, under a sparse canopy of eucalypts.

Characteristics of Bushman
MATESHIP
STOICISM
MASCULINITY
XENOPHOBIA
ANTI GLOBALIZATION
RACISM

Australian Way of Life
A. Come to surface because of professional revolt
B. Sophisticated, urban, to destrialised, consumer society, egalitarianism,classlessness
C. Close relationship with manufacturing lifestyle.
So it creates urban and consumens

New Images of Australia
a. Assimilation ------- Integration
b.Australia recognizes of multi culturalism
c. Pluralistics, Multicultural Society
d. However, this does not change the position of Aborigin and migrants
(Still in the lower rumps of the socio economic ladder )
e. New Nationalism